Ngubani ekufuneka alinganise ukuxinana kwamathambo nge-densitometer yamathambo
I-Densitometry yamathambo
I-Osteoporosis yilahleko enkulu ye-bone mineral density echaphazela izigidi zabasetyhini, ibabeka emngciphekweni wokuqhekeka okunokuthi kube buthathaka.Sinikeza i-bone densitometry, elinganisa ngokuchanekileyo ubuninzi beeminerali yamathambo (BMD), evumela ukuqikelelwa komngcipheko wokwaphuka kwesigulane.Inkqubo yethu ephezulu iyakwazi ukubala ngokuchanekileyo i-BMD kumqolo, isinqe, okanye esihlahleni.Le nkqubo ikwavumela ukumiselwa kwe-BMD kubantwana.
Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela i-densitometry yamathambo ukuba uyakrokrela ukuba unayo okanye usengozini yokuphuhlisa i-osteoporosis.Abantu abane-osteoporosis banamathambo abuthathaka okanye ilahleko enkulu yokuxinana kwamathambo abo.Izigidi zabasetyhini kunye namadoda amaninzi baba ne-osteoporosis njengoko bekhula.
Isebenza njani i-Bone Densitometry
Ngamanye amaxesha olu viwo lubizwa ngokuba yi-bone density scanning okanye i-double-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA).Yindlela ephuculweyo yobuchwepheshe bex-reyi.Umatshini we-DXA uthumela umqadi omncinci, ongabonakaliyo we-x-ray yedosi ephantsi ngamathambo.Izihlunu zakho ezithambileyo zifunxa umqadi wokuqala wamandla.Amathambo akho afunxa umqa wesibini.Ngokukhupha isixa sethishu ethambileyo kwitotali, umatshini ubonelela ngomlinganiselo wethambo lakho lamaminerali (BMD).Obo bunzima buxelela ugqirha ukomelela kwamathambo akho.
Kutheni oogqirha besebenzisa i-Bone Densitometry
I-Osteoporosis ibandakanya ukulahleka kwe-calcium emathanjeni akho.Yimeko ehlala ichaphazela abafazi emva kokuyeka ukuya exesheni, nangona amadoda anokuba ne-osteoporosis, nawo.Kunye nokulahleka kwekhalsiyam, amathambo ahamba ngotshintsho lwesakhiwo olubangela ukuba abe mncinci, abe buthathaka kwaye aphuke.
I-DXA iphinda incede i-radiologists kunye nabanye oogqirha balandele ukusebenza konyango lwalo naluphi na uhlobo lwemeko yokulahleka kwethambo.Imilinganiselo yoviwo inika ubungqina malunga nomngcipheko wakho wokwaphuka ithambo.
Ngubani oMakaFumane uVavanyo lweMineral Density (BMD).
• Abasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu
• Abasetyhini abasemva kokuyeka ukuya exesheni abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-65 kunye nemiba esemngciphekweni yokwaphuka.
• Abasetyhini ngexesha lenguqu ye-menopausal kunye nemingcipheko yeklinikhi yokwaphuka, njengobunzima bomzimba obuphantsi, ukophuka kwangaphambili, okanye ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza okusemngciphekweni omkhulu.
• Amadoda aneminyaka engama-70 nangaphezulu.
• Amadoda angaphantsi kweminyaka engama-70 anemingcipheko yeklinikhi yokwaphuka.
• Abantu abadala abanokwaphuka okubuthathaka.
• Abantu abadala abanesifo okanye imeko ehambelana nobunzima bamathambo okanye ukulahleka kwamathambo.
• Abantu abadala abasebenzisa amayeza anxulumene nobunzima bamathambo okanye ukulahleka kwamathambo.
• Nabani na othathelwa ingqalelo kunyango lwe-pharmacologic (iyeza).
• Nabani na onyangwayo, makabeke iliso kwisiphumo sonyango.
• Nabani na ongafumani nyango apho ubungqina bokulahleka kwethambo bukhokelela kunyango.
• Abasetyhini abayeka ukusebenzisa i-estrogen kufuneka bathathelwe ingqalelo kuvavanyo lokuqina kwamathambo ngokwezalathi ezidweliswe ngasentla.
Kutheni ooGqirha besebenzisa uvavanyo lwe-Vertebral Fracture Assessment (VFA)
Olunye uviwo olwenziwe kumatshini weDXA luvavanyo lwe-vertebral fracture assessment (VFA).Luvavanyo lwe-x-reyi lwedosi ephantsi yomqolo oluvavanya impilo yakho yomqolo.I-VFA iya kutyhila ukuba ngaba unayo i-compression fractures kwi-vertebra yakho (amathambo kumqolo wakho).Ubukho be-vertebral fracture buxabiseke ngakumbi ekuqikeleleni umngcipheko wokuphuka kwamathambo kwixesha elizayo kune-DXA yodwa.Ezi zilandelayo zizizathu (izibonakaliso) zokwenza uvavanyo lwe-vertebral fracture assessment (VFA) esekelwe kwi-2007 Official Positions ye-International Society of Clinical Densitometry (www.iscd.org):
Ngubani omaFumana iVFA
• Abasetyhini abaPostmenopausal abanobunzima bamathambo (osteopenia) ngokwemilinganiselo ye-BMD, KUNYE nayo nayiphi na enye yezi zilandelayo:
• Ubudala obungaphezulu okanye obulingana nama-70 eminyaka
• Ilahleko yobude bembali ngaphezulu kwe-4 cm (1.6 ngo.)
• Ilahleko yobude obulindelekileyo ngaphezulu kwe-2 cm (0.8 in.)
• Ukwaphuka kwe-vertebral okuzixelile (engabhalwanga ngaphambili)
• Ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo;
• Ubudala beminyaka engama-60 ukuya kuma-69
• Ukuzixela kwangaphambili i-non-vertebral fracture
• Ilahleko yobude obuyimbali ye-2 ukuya kwi-4 cm
• Izifo ezingapheliyo zenkqubo ehambelana nomngcipheko owongeziweyo wokuqhekeka kwe-vertebral (umzekelo, imodareyitha ukuya kwi-COPD enzima okanye i-COAD, i-seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, isifo sikaCrohn)
• Amadoda anobunzima bamathambo (osteopenia) ngokwemilinganiselo ye-BMD, KUNYE nayo nayiphi na enye kwezi zilandelayo:
• Ubudala beminyaka engama-80 nangaphezulu
• Ilahleko yobude obuyimbali ngaphezulu kwe-6 cm (2.4 ngo)
• Ilahleko yobude obulindelekileyo ngaphezulu kwe-3 cm (1.2 ngo)
• Ukwaphuka kwe-vertebral okuzixelile (engabhalwanga ngaphambili)
• Ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo;
• Ubudala beminyaka engama-70 ukuya kuma-79
• Ukuzixela kwangaphambili i-non-vertebral fracture
• Ilahleko yobude obuyimbali ye-3 ukuya kwi-6 cm
• Kwi-pharmacologic androgen deprivation therapy okanye ukulandela i-orchiectomy
• Izifo ezingapheliyo zenkqubo ehambelana nomngcipheko owongeziweyo wokuqhekeka kwe-vertebral (umzekelo, imodareyitha ukuya kwi-COPD enzima okanye i-COAD, i-seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, isifo sikaCrohn)
• Abasetyhini okanye amadoda akunyango olungapheliyo lweglucocorticoid (elingana ne-5 mg okanye ngaphezulu kwe-prednisone yonke imihla iinyanga ezintathu (3) okanye ngaphezulu).
• Abasetyhini be-postmenopausal okanye amadoda ane-osteoporosis ngemilinganiselo ye-BMD, ukuba amaxwebhu enye okanye ngaphezulu kwe-vertebral fractures iya kutshintsha ulawulo lweklinikhi.
Ukulungiselela uVavanyo lweBone Densitometry yakho
Ngosuku lwakho lweemviwo, yitya ngokuqhelekileyo kodwa nceda ungathathi izongezelelo ze-calcium ubuncinane kwiiyure ezingama-24 phambi koviwo lwakho.Nxiba iimpahla ezikhululekileyo, ezikhululekile kwaye uphephe iimpahla ezineziphu zentsimbi, amabhanti okanye amaqhosha.I-Radiology & Imaging inokukucela ukuba ususe ezinye okanye zonke iimpahla zakho kwaye unxibe igawuni okanye ingubo ngexesha loviwo.Kusenokufuneka ususe izacholo, iindondo zamehlo kunye nazo naziphi na izinto zentsimbi okanye impahla.Izinto ezifana nezi zinokuphazamisana nemifanekiso ye-x-reyi.
Vumela ugqirha wakho ukuba ngaba usandul 'ukuhlolwa kwe-barium okanye ujojowe ngezinto ezichasene ne-computed tomography (CT) scan okanye i-radioisotope (iyeza lenyukliya).
Ngalo lonke ixesha wazisa ugqirha wakho okanye iRadiology & Imaging technologist ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ukhulelwe.
Yintoni uViwo lweBone Densitometry
Njengo
Ungqengqe phezu kwetafile eneziphene.Kuvavanyo lweCentral DXA, olulinganisa ukuxinana kwamathambo kwi-hip kunye nomqolo, i-x-ray generator ingaphantsi kwakho kunye nesixhobo sokucinga, okanye i-detector, ingentla.Ukuvavanya umqolo wakho, imilenze yakho ixhaswa kwibhokisi edibeneyo ukuze ululaze i-pelvis yakho kunye nezantsi (lumbar) umqolo.Ukuvavanya i-hip, i-teknoloji iya kubeka unyawo lwakho kwi-brace ejikeleza i-hip yakho ngaphakathi.Kuzo zombini ezi meko, i-detector idlula ngokukhawuleza, ivelisa imifanekiso kwi-monitor yekhompyutheni.Iimviwo ezininzi zithatha kuphela imizuzu eyi-10 ukuya kwengama-20 kwaye kubalulekile ukuba uhlale ungashukumi kulo lonke uviwo.
Izibonelelo kunye nemingcipheko
I-Densitometry yamathambo ilula, ikhawuleza kwaye ayifuni.Ayifuni nayiphi na i-anesthesia.Ubungakanani bemitha yemitha esetyenziswayo incinci kakhulu-ingaphantsi kakhulu kunomthamo we-x-reyi yesifuba esiqhelekileyo.
Ngayo nayiphi na inkqubo ye-x-reyi, kukho amathuba amancinane okuba nomhlaza wokuvezwa ngokugqithisileyo kwimitha.Nangona kunjalo, inzuzo yoxilongo oluchanekileyo iyodlula lee ingozi.Abasetyhini kufuneka basoloko bexelela ugqirha wabo okanye iRadiology & Imaging technologist ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba bakhulelwe.
Imida ye-Bone Densitometry
I-Densitometry yamathambo ayikwazi ukuqikelela nge-100% ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba uya kuba ne-fracture kwixesha elizayo.Nangona kunjalo, inokubonelela ngezibonakaliso ezinamandla zomngcipheko wakho wokwaphuka kwixesha elizayo.
Ngaphandle kokusebenza kwayo ekulinganiseni amandla amathambo, i-bone densitometry okanye i-DXA isetyenziswa ngokulinganiselweyo kubantu abanokukhubazeka komgogodla okanye abantu abaye batyandwa umqolo.Ukuba une-vertebral compression fractures okanye i-osteoarthritis, imeko yakho inokuphazamisa ukuchaneka kovavanyo.Kule mizekelo, olunye uvavanyo lunokwenziwa, njenge-forearm bone densitometry.
Thina Subspecialise Ukufunda Bone Imifanekiso
I-Radiology & Imaging isebenzisa izixhobo zangoku ezibonelela ngeenkcukacha ezikhethekileyo zokuxilonga.Imizimba yethu yokucinga ngeeradiologists okanye i-musculoskeletal radiologists igxile ekufundeni i-bone densitometries okuthetha ukuba ubuchwephesha obungakumbi kunye namava akusebenzele.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-07-2023