I-Osteoporosis sisifo sabantu abadala.Okwangoku, iChina lelona lizwe linelona nani likhulu labaguli be-osteoporosis emhlabeni.I-Osteoporosis sesona sifo sixhaphakileyo phakathi kwabantu abakwiminyaka ephakathi kunye nabantu abadala.Ngokutsho kwedatha efanelekileyo, inani lezigulane ze-osteoporosis e-China malunga ne-70 yezigidi.Ngokuhambela phambili koluntu lwase-China olugugayo, i-osteoporosis iye yanda ukuba yenye yeengxaki ezibalulekileyo zempilo yoluntu e-China.
01. Yintoni iOsteoporosis?
I-Osteoporosis yinkqubo yesifo sethambo apho ukuxinwa kwamathambo kunye nomgangatho wamathambo wehla ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo, i-microstructure yamathambo itshatyalaliswa, ukunyuka kwamathambo kuyanda, kwaye ukuphuka kuyenzeka ukuba kwenzeke.Akukho zimpawu zicacileyo kwinqanaba lokuqala le-osteoporosis.Ngokunyuka kwe-osteoporosis, kuya kubakho iimpawu ezifana neentlungu zangasemva, i-hunchback, kunye nokufutshane.Ukwaphuka lolona phawu lunzima lwe-osteoporosis.Phakathi kwabo, izinga lokufa kokuphuka kwe-hip kubantu abadala liphezulu kakhulu.
02. Uvavanyo lokuxinana kwamathambo lusisiseko esibalulekileyo sokuxilongwa kwe-osteoporosis
Ukuxinana kweeminerali kubhekiselele kubunzima bamathambo obuqulethwe kumthamo weyunithi (ubuninzi bomthamo) okanye indawo yeyunithi (ubuninzi bendawo), nto leyo isalathiso esibalulekileyo somgangatho wamathambo, ibonisa iqondo le-osteoporosis, kwaye ikwasisiseko esibalulekileyo sokuqikelela umngcipheko ukwaphuka.I-Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) "ngumgangatho wegolide" wokuhlolwa koxinaniso lwamathambo.Ilinganisa iiminerali zethambo lomvavanyi ngokusebenzisa ukuskena koomatshini, kwaye inokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo iqondo lokulahleka kwethambo kwizigulana.isiseko esibalulekileyo sokuxilongwa.
03 Yintoni i-T-score kunye ne-Z-score yovavanyo lokuxinana kwamathambo?
Iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-bone density zibalwa ngokuthelekisa kunye nesiseko sedatha esisemgangathweni ukufumana amaxabiso ahambelana no-T no-Z.
T ixabiso: Ixabiso elihambelanayo lexabiso elilinganisiweyo kunye nexabiso eliphakathi kwabantu abadala besini esifanayo (kwimigangatho yokugweba yomlinganiselo wabantu abadala)
Z-inqaku: Ixabiso elinxulumene nexabiso elilinganisiweyo ukuya kumyinge wexabiso loontanga besini esifanayo (umgangatho wokugweba wemilinganiselo yabantwana).
Iikhrayitheriya zokuxilonga zexabiso le-T zezi:
| ubunzima bethambo obuqhelekileyo | T-ixabiso ≥ – 1 |
| I-Osteopenia | -2.5﹤T-ixabiso﹤-1 |
| I-Osteoporosis | T-ixabiso ≤ -2.5 |
| i-osteoporosis enzima | T-ixabiso ≤ -2.5kunye nokwaphuka enye okanye ngaphezulu |
Iikhrayitheriya zokuxilonga ze-Z zezi:
| ubunzima bethambo obuqhelekileyo | Z-ixabiso≧-1 |
| kancinci akwanele ukomelela kwamathambo | -1﹥Z-ixabiso≥-1.5 |
| Ukomelela kwethambo ngokuphakathi | -1.5﹥Z-ixabiso≥-2 |
| Amandla angonelanga kakhulu amathambo | Z-ixabiso<-2 |
04. Uluntu olucetyiswayo kuvavanyo lokuxinana kwamathambo
Ngokutsho kwe "Izikhokelo zokuHlola kunye noNyango lwe-Osteoporosis e-China" ekhutshwe yi-Bone and Mineral Diseases Branch ye-Chinese Medical Association kwi-2017, la maqela alandelayo kufuneka ahlole ukuxinana kwamathambo kwangethuba:
1. Abasetyhini abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala kunye namadoda angaphezu kweminyaka engama-70 ubudala, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ezinye izinto ezinobungozi be-osteoporosis
2. Abasetyhini abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-65 kunye namadoda angaphantsi kweminyaka engama-70 banomngcipheko omnye okanye ngaphezulu we-osteoporosis.
3. Abantu abadala abanembali yokuqhekeka kwe-fragility
4. Abantu abadala abanamaqondo aphantsi eehomoni zesini ezibangelwa zizizathu ezahlukeneyo
5. Abo banotshintsho lwe-osteoporotic kwifilimu ye-X-ray
6. Abo bafumana unyango lwe-osteoporosis kwaye babeke iliso kwisiphumo sonyango
7. Abo banembali yokuchaphazela izifo ze-bone metabolism okanye ukusebenzisa iziyobisi ezichaphazela i-bone metabolism
8. Iimpendulo ezilungileyo kuvavanyo lwe-IOF lwe-osteoporosis lomzuzu omnye
9. Isiphumo se-OSTA ≤ -1
Olu phawu lubanzi kakhulu, kwaye ngokusisiseko abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 kunye nabantu abanomngcipheko banokuvavanyelwa ukuxinana kwamathambo.
05 Imiqathango yovavanyo lokuxinana kwamathambo:
I-DXA inoncedo lwemitha ephantsi, ikhuselekile kwaye iyakhawuleza, kunye nemilinganiselo echanekileyo.Ithamo layo lemitha lisezantsi kakhulu.Kwizigulane eziye zafumana i-radiography ye-gastrointestinal kwiveki edlulileyo, ukuhlolwa koxinaniso lwamathambo kufuneka kwenziwe iintsuku eziliqela (ngaphezu kweentsuku ezi-7 zingcono);kwizigulana eziye zavavanywa amayeza enyukliya, kungcono ukuba kuhlolwe ukuxinana kwamathambo kuqala okanye ngosuku olulandelayo Kungcono;xa isigulane singenakulala phantsi okanye sigqithise ubunzima betafile yoviwo, ukuxinwa kwamathambo e-trunk akukwazi ukuvavanywa, kodwa ukuxinwa kwamathambo e-forearm kunokulinganiswa.
06Ungakuthintela kwaye unyange njani i-osteoporosis?
Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba une-osteopenia okanye i-osteoporosis, kufuneka uthathe amanyathelo okuyinyanga.Amanyathelo othintelo kunye nonyango ikakhulu abandakanya ukulungiswa kwendlela yokuphila, izongezo zempilo yamathambo, kunye nonyango lwamachiza.
Lungisa indlela yokuphila: ukomeleza isondlo, ukutya okunokulinganisela;ukukhanya kwelanga okwaneleyo;umthambo rhoqo;yeka ukutshaya, ukunciphisa utywala;kuphephe ukusela kakhulu ikofu;ukuphepha ukusela ngokugqithiseleyo iziselo ze-carbonated;
Ukongezwa kwempilo yethambo: qinisekisa ukuba i-calcium yansuku zonke ye-1000mg, abafazi abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala, amadoda angaphezu kweminyaka engama-70 ubudala, kufuneka bakhulise ukungena kwe-calcium kwi-1200mg;i-vitamin D eyaneleyo inokunyusa i-intestinal calcium absorption, ikhuthaze amandla ethambo, igcine amandla emisipha, Ukuphucula ukulinganisela kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuwa.
07. Ukuthintela i-osteoporosis, gxininisa kwisenzo
Kwi-osteoporosis, ukuthintela kwangaphambili kunye nokungenelela okusebenzayo kunokuthintela ukuguga kunye nokwandisa ubomi ukuya kwinqanaba elithile.Umlinganiselo woxinaniso lwamathambo kubaluleke kakhulu ekubhaqweni kwangaphambili kwe-osteopenia kunye ne-osteoporosis.Kucetyiswa ukuba abahlobo abancinci nabakwiminyaka ephakathi ukuba bathathele ingqalelo ukuxinana kwamathambo abo, baqonde imeko yabo yokuxinana kwamathambo, kwaye bathintele i-osteoporosis, ukuqala ekulinganiseni ukuxinana kwamathambo.
No.1uthintelo oluphambili lwe-osteoporosis
Uthintelo oluphambili lwe-osteoporosis kufuneka luqale ebuntwaneni nakwishumi elivisayo.Nikela ingqalelo ekutyeni ukutya okuninzi okunekhalsiyam, qhubeka usenza umthambo, ufumane ukukhanya kwelanga ngakumbi, ungatshayi okanye usele kakhulu, kwaye usele ikofu encinane, iti eyomeleleyo neziselo ezinecarbonated, ukuze unciphise umngcipheko weosteoporosis kangangoko kunokwenzeka.Phakamisa ixabiso lethambo lakho ukuya kwinqanaba eliphezulu kwaye ugcine ubunzima bamathambo obaneleyo kubomi bakho bexesha elizayo.
No.2Uthintelo lwesibini lwe-osteoporosis
Uthintelo lwesibini lwe-osteoporosis lubhekisela kubasetyhini abaneminyaka ephakathi, ngakumbi abasetyhini abasemva kwe-postmenopausal, apho izinga lokulahleka kwamathambo likhawuleza.Kunconywa ukuba kuhlolwe ukuxinana kwamathambo yonke iminyaka eyi-1-2 ukuqonda utshintsho kwithambo.Kwangaxeshanye, ukongezwa ngokufanelekileyo kwecalcium kunye nevitamin D, ukubambelela kwimikhwa emihle yokuphila, njengokwenza umthambo rhoqo, ukutya okunesondlo okunengqiqo, ukungatshayi, nokusela utywala obuncinane kunokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo iosteoporosis.
No.3Uthintelo oluphezulu lwe-osteoporosis
Uthintelo oluphezulu lwe-osteoporosis lukholisa ukufumana ukuxinana kwamathambo okusezantsi okanye sele unengxaki ye-osteoporosis emva kobudala.Ngeli xesha, kufuneka siqhubeke sisebenza ngokufanelekileyo, sithintele ukuwa, kwaye sithintele ukuphuka.Kwangaxeshanye, kufuneka siqhubeke sixhasa ngenkuthalo i-calcium kunye ne-vitamin D, Ukomeleza unyango lweziyobisi kunokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukulahleka kwethambo kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka, kunye nokunciphisa ukuxinana kwamathambo.
Akukaze kube mva kakhulu ukuqala ukugxila kwimpilo yamathambo.
I-Pinyuan Ultrasound Bone Densitometer kunye ne-DXA Bone Denstometry Khusela Impilo Yamathambo Akho.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-17-2023